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MDS is a malignancy caused by disruption of normal hematopoiesis in the bone marrow, leading to peripheral blood cytopenias9

Graphic illustrating proportions of patients with MDS stratified by risk-status at diagnosis: ~70% lower risk disease

of all patients with MDS have lower-risk disease at time of diagnosis10,11

Graphic illustrating that ~90% of these patients experience anemia

of MDS patients
experience anemia9,12

Patients are stratified by risk

Prognostic scoring systems can stratify patients into distinct risk groups that help clinicians determine the course of treatment. Various criteria include percentage of blasts in bone marrow, presence of cytogenetic abnormalities, degree of cytopenias, and hemoglobin levels.10,13

Additional factors indicate increased risk in MDS, including:

RS-negative status8

RBC-transfusion dependence5

ESA ineligibility
(EPO >500 mU/mL)3

Unfavorable mutations5,13

Patients may not be candidates for, or may have failed to respond or have lost response to treatments, forcing them to advance to subsequent therapy options.14,15

Patients classified as having lower-risk MDS face poor clinical outcomes including burden of anemia, progression to high-risk MDS or AML, and death.3,5

Most patients with lower-risk MDS succumb to complications from their disease4

Graphic illustrating study data that ~80% of patients with lower-risk MDS die of disease-related causes and have an average 5-year survival rate of 36.9%.

of patients
with MDS
‍die from identifiable
disease-related
causes4

5-year relative survival rate for MDS, despite majority having lower-risk disease at diagnosis10,16,*

*Based on National Cancer Institute database review from 2012-2018.16

Learn about current treatments in lower-risk MDS

AML, acute myeloid leukemia; EPO, erythropoietin; ESA, erythropoiesis-stimulating agent; MDS, myelodysplastic syndromes; RBC, red blood cell; RS, ring sideroblasts.